Habitat: Although commonly found
in low, wet, swampy areas (even surviving in water), this species 
also performs well in dry sites. It often colonizes waterways
by seeding. It occurs from zone 3 to 7, but is the least suitable alder
for hot, humid regions. It tolerates full sun or partial shade, as well
as acid or alkaline soils.
Diseases: As alders are more susceptible to pests than diseases, this species is subject to few diseases in cultivation, and it seldom suffers foliage damage by either agent. Alders are a preferred host of the gypsy moth and are host to the fall webworm (which attacks ash trees). Female cones are sometimes damaged by powdery mildew. Tent caterpillar can be a threat, and cankers and leaf rust may occur, but are less serious.
