Carya cordiformis (Bitternut hickory): Ecology

Habitat: Although this hickory prefers moist, well-drained soils, it is found in a variety of sites, including areas subject to flooding and on rich soils of drier, sheltered slopes. The young trees are shade tolerant and this species is a common understory tree across most of Iowa.

Diseases: Canker diseases occasionally create rough, rounded swellings on trunks of saplings, and anthracnose sometimes causes defoiation. A number of insect pests attack hickories, including hickory leaf stem gall aphid, hickory bark beetle and painted hickory borer.

Distribution: This is probably the most uniformly distributed and abundant hickory in North America. It ranges further north than any other hickory species and is native from Quebec to Minnesota, south to Florida and Louisiana. It is native to Iowa and is the only native hickory in most of the northwestern part of the state.