Glossary

achene A small, dry, indehiscent, unwinged fruit bearing one seed. (eg: in Rosa)

apetalous Without petals. (eg: in Acer saccharinum)

apophysis The part of the cone scale exposed when the cone is closed. (eg: in Pinus)

auricle An ear-like appendage. (eg: in Rosa)

calyx The exterior part of the perianth (calyx and corolla), the flower cup. (eg: in Asimina)

cone A fruit, usually woody, with overlapping scales. (eg: in Pinus)

corolla Petals, or the inner part of the perianth.

corymb A flat-topped flower cluster with the first flowers opening on the outside.

cyme A flat-topped flower cluster with the first flowers opening in the center.

dehiscent Opening (by slits or valves) at maturity to release seeds.

dioecious Male and female flowers on separate plants. (eg: in Zanthoxylum)

drupe A stone fruit. A simple, usually one-seeded fruit with a fleshy outer pericarp and a bony endocarp. (eg: in Cornus)

endocarp The fruit wall (inner layer of the pericarp).

entire A smooth leaf margin (without teeth, lobes or divisions). (eg: in Quercus imbricaria)

fascicle A dense cluster or bundle. (eg: in Pinus)

follicle A dry, one-celled fruit splitting open along one line. (eg: in Magnolia acuminata and Magnolia X soulangiana)

glaucous Covered or whitened with a waxy "bloom."

globose Of spherical form, or almost so.

involucre Bracts surrounding a flower cluster. (eg: bracts around hazelnuts of Corylus)

inflorescence A cluster of flowers. (eg: in Tilia)

lenticel Corky structure on young growth that allows passage of air into the twig or trunk. (eg; in Alnus)

monoecious Both male and female flowers (unisexual flowers) borne on the same plant.

panicle A loose, branched or compound flower cluster. (eg: in Sophora)

indehiscent Remaining closed, not splitting open to release seeds.

petiole Leaf stalk. (eg: in Rosa)

pericarp The fruit wall (developed from the ovary wall).

pistil Stigma, style and ovary (female sexual organs).

pome A fruit from a compound inferior ovary enclosed in thick flesh. (eg: an apple in Malus)

prickle A small, spinelike growth. (eg: in Pinus and Rosa)

raceme A simple inflorecsence of stalked flowers on an elongated rachis (central stalk or axis). (eg: in Prunus)

samara A dry, indehiscent, winged fruit. (eg: in Liriodendron and Acer)

sepal Part of the calyx, usually bractlike. (eg: in Magnolia X soulangiana)

stamen Organ of the male flower bearing the pollen. (eg: in Malus)

stipule Appendage at the base of the petiole (leaf stalk), usually in pairs or fused together, sometimes surrounding the stems. Soon falling, but leaving a stipule scar. (eg: in Rosa)

stomata Pores in the epidermis of a leaf. (eg: in Tsuga)

strobile A small, cone-like inflorescence. (eg: in Alnus)

style The elongated portion of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma. (eg: in Malus)

subopposite Arranged in pairs but not exactly opposite. (eg: in Rhamnus)

umbo A protuberance. (eg: in Pinus)